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The UK ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) on 16 December 1991. It has entered reservations on Article 37 of the Convention which concerns the entry into, stay, and departure of non-nationals and the housing of young people in conflict with the law with adults where there is a lack of suitable accommodation or facilities. The UK has still not ratified the Optional Protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. The UK is also a State Party of the European Convention on Human Rights. A number of child rights violations have been brought against the UK at the European Court of Human Rights. Most of these have dealt with corporal punishment in various settings. Corporal punishment of children remains legal in the home, but is banned in all other settings. Domestic jurisprudence includes a custody case litigated on the basis of CRC Article 12, the right to be heard. This legal guide of England and Wales focuses on the implementation of Article 1 on the definition of the child and the minimum legal age defined by national legislation for exercising certain rights, such as medical treatment without parent consent, and Article 40 on the administration of juvenile justice. Summaries of child rights case law brought to domestic courts and the European Court of Human Rights