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Bolivia – Twentieth session - 2014
28 October 2014 - 2.30 p.m. - 6.00 p.m.
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Accepted and rejected recommendations
Ratification of international laws (recommendations 1 and 9)
7. Bolivia is a party to all the international instruments that make up the International Bill of Human Rights and to other international human rights instruments. The instruments it has most recently ratified are the [...] the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on a communications procedure [...].
XI. Civil and political rights
35. Birth certificates are issued free of charge to children under 12 years of age. A programme to provide identity cards free of charge, known as “Existo yo, Existe Bolivia” (I exist, Bolivia exists), has been in place since 2012.
XII. Economic, social and cultural rights (recommendations 17, 54, 62, 63, 65, 68, 72 and 73
A. Right to education
65. The State provides free education at all levels, including higher education. Since 2009, school leaving certificates have been awarded free of charge to students on completion of their studies at all educational establishments.
66. Under the Education Act, the indigenous and aboriginal campesino nations and peoples are responsible for drawing up specific regional programmes for inclusion in school curricula that reflect their knowledge, learning, values and world views. The Aymara, Quechua, Guaraní, Chiquitano, Ayoreo, Guarayo and Moxeño nations have all been part of this initiative to transform education since 2013.
67. The number of new teaching posts has increased threefold. In 2013 alone, investment in education stood at 15 billion bolivianos. By December 2013, a total of 1,951,385 children nationwide had received vouchers under the Juancito Pinto scheme, which is designed to encourage school attendance.
68. As of 2014, the best pupils will receive an additional grant, called “Excelencia en bachillerato” (Outstanding Achievement in Secondary Education), which is intended to encourage adolescents and young people to study, especially those living in rural areas.
Plurinational Plan on Human Rights Education
69. The Plurinational Plan on Human Rights Education, which was prepared with the participation of civil society and entered into force in 2013, is designed to strengthen the culture of respect for, and the enforceability and protection of human rights, in balance and harmony with Mother Earth. The Plan promotes systematic and holistic educational processes for individuals and communities, which are implemented as part of the plurinational human rights education system within the framework of the productive, social and community-based model for human rights education.
70. Boarding schools, school transport and school meal programmes have been established for vulnerable population groups, including children, adolescents and young people within the regular school system.
Technology in education
74. During the period 2006–2011, 471 community distance learning centres were set up, providing training to 57,000 students and 4,000 teachers. During the same period, 5,577 free computers and other items of IT equipment were provided to schools.
75. Within the framework of the “One Laptop per Teacher” project, free laptop computers are to be provided to all teachers within the plurinational education system. To date, 78,153 teachers have received laptops, and it is expected that the operation will be completed by the end of 2014.
76. As part of the “One Laptop per Child” project, 12,500 free computers were distributed to primary school pupils in 2013, the first year of its operation; a further 12,500 computers will be distributed to secondary school pupils in 2014.
B. Right to health (recommendations 67 and 69)
81. The national health system, which offers universal health insurance for mothers and children and free medical insurance for older persons, is now in operation nationwide.
C. Right to work (recommendation 59)
91. The job security of pregnant women was guaranteed by establishing that mothers and fathers, regardless of their marital status, benefit from job security from the start of a pregnancy until the child is 1 year old, during which time their salary shall not change.
Juana Azurduy Voucher Programme and Zero Malnutrition Programme (recommendation 64)
107. The Juana Azurduy Voucher (BJA) is a conditional cash payment for pregnant mothers and children under the age of 2 who undergo comprehensive health checks. As of May 2014, this voucher had been granted to 1,168,690 women and children (annex 4). Two assessments were conducted: “BJA Procedure Assessment”93 and “BJA Impact Assessment”.
108. The Multisectoral Zero Malnutrition Programme aims to improve the comprehensive health of children under the age of 5, pregnant and breastfeeding women. The coordination unit, the CONAN Technical Committee, has systematized experiences of its implementation.
109. One of the strategies to eradicate malnutrition has been encouragement for breastfeeding, fortifying foods, micronutrient supplements and comprehensive nutrition units. These measures made it possible to reduce the rate of chronic malnutrition from 41.7 per cent in 1989 to 18.5 per cent in 2012. In view of the excellent results of the programme, its strategic plan has been extended to 2015.
XIII. Rights of population groups (recommendations 12 and 13)
A. Women’s rights (recommendations 5, 14, 20, 25, 57, 64 and 70)
Combating violence against women (recommendations 30, 31, 32, 33 and 47)
122. The eradication of violence against women has been incorporated in the Education Act, which also promotes opportunities for girls, adolescents and young women to enrol and remain in the formal and alternative education systems.
B. The rights of children and adolescents (recommendations 8 and 15)
129. The Children and Adolescents Code is being amended to provide comprehensive protection for the rights of children and adolescents, with an emphasis on the best interests of the child, the right to a family, the right to full development, the equality of all children irrespective of whether they were born in or out of wedlock and the right to an identity. The amended Code will prohibit and set out penalties for all forms of violence against children and adolescents, including forced labour and exploitation, and will harmonize administrative and judicial adoption procedures in order to guarantee that children have a family.
130. The Comprehensive Information System on Children and Adolescents (SIINA) records sociodemographic data on the children and adolescents who receive assistance, the complainants and the alleged perpetrators as well as the nature of the complaint, the actions to be taken and the monitoring of actions taken by the Children’s and Adolescents’ Ombudsmen.
131. The Plurinational Plan for Infants, Children and Adolescents 2014–2025 will engage families, communities, social movements and public institutions in ensuring that children and adolescents enjoy their rights. These efforts will be enhanced by giving children and adolescents a leading role.
Eradication of the worst forms of child labour (recommendations 35 to 38)
132. The Five-Year National Plan for the Prevention and Gradual Eradication of the Worst Forms of Child Labour and the Protection of Adolescent Workers 2014–2018 is in the final stage of preparation.
133. According to the National Statistics Institute, 53 per cent of working minors between the ages of 7 and 17 are boys and 47 per cent are girls; 42 per cent are between the ages of 15 and 17, 30 per cent are between 12 and 14 and 28 per cent are between 7 and 11; 72 per cent live in rural areas and 28 per cent in urban areas.
134. The Ministry of Labour, Employment and Social Security is implementing the Access to Justice Programme 2013–2015 to prevent indigenous families in Chaco and the Bolivian Amazon from being subjected to forced labour and other related forms of exploitation.
135. The Ministry is implementing its strategies primarily in regions where the worst forms of child labour are the most common and has set up five pilot projects in four departments to eradicate this type of labour, with a focus on adolescent workers and their families.
The rights of juveniles deprived of their liberty (recommendation 28)
136. The Constitution stipulates that, where possible, juveniles should not be deprived of their liberty and that the judicial, administrative and police authorities should give them preferential treatment that preserves their dignity and protects their identity at all times. They should be detained in separate facilities from those for adults, tailored to their age- specific needs.
137. The Q’alauma Youth Rehabilitation and Social Reintegration Centre adopts an approach to education whereby youths participate in rehabilitation workshops and programmes and receive comprehensive assistance and health care. The Centre also provides support after adolescents have left the Centre.
138. The Short-Term Action Plan for Youths Deprived of their Liberty guides and coordinates the efforts of the various State bodies in order to clear the backlog of judicial proceedings.
The rights of children living in detention with their convicted parents (recommendation 29)
139. An inter-institutional board has been set up to address the issue of minors living in prisons and efforts are being made to move them out gradually. A commitment has been made to establish reception centres for such minors in order to provide them with the best possible living conditions.
140. Some 95 per cent of the minors living in San Pedro prison have agreed to leave and efforts are continuing to that end.
141. Childcare facilities for children below the age of 5 have been established in some prisons, where they receive supplementary nutrition and also participate in educational, pedagogical and artistic activities. Workshops have been run at the department level to explain to imprisoned parents the dangers that their children face in prison.
C. The right to protection from human trafficking and smuggling (recommendations 6, 7, 16 and 30)
149. The Children’s and Adolescents’ Ombudsmen carry out spot checks at land terminals by distributing forms to monitor the travel of minors.
D. Youth rights
150. There are 2,895,517 people between the ages of 15 and 29 in Bolivia, or 28.5 per cent of the total population.
151. The Youth Act130 guarantees the full exercise of their rights and obligations and provides for the development of an institutional framework, forums for youth representation and discussion and the design of public policies.
152. The Act also established the Plurinational Youth Council, which will hold its first meeting on 24 and 25 July 2014. The Youth Policy sets out the conditions for the active involvement of youth in decision-making.
I.Background and framework
A. Scope of international obligations
1. International human rights treaties
1. In 2013, the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (CMW) encouraged Bolivia to make the declarations provided for in articles 76 and 77 of the Convention.
B. Constitutional and legislative framework
5. CMW took note of the Act on the Elimination of Racism and All Forms of Discrimination, the related National Committee and the 2012–2015 National Action Plan, but regretted that they did not treat migrant workers and members of their families as a group at risk of discrimination.
7. The High Commissioner further reported that the Migration Act set out provisions relating to the prevention of harassment and gender and sexual violence, as well as guarantees for the reunification of migrant families.
III. Implementation of international human rights obligations, taking into account applicable international humanitarian law
A. Equality and non-discrimination
27. The Special Rapporteur on racism welcomed legislative and policy initiatives, including the adoption of Law No. 045 (2010) and the 2012–2015 Plan of Action to address racism and all forms of discrimination. The Special Rapporteur noted that indigenous peoples and Afro-Bolivians continued to experience structural discrimination in their access to employment, education, health care and other services and recommended that Bolivia address the underlying structural factors and set, and monitor the implementation of, concrete equality targets.
B. Right to life, liberty and security of the person
36. CAT was alarmed by overcrowding in jails. It was also concerned at the power wielded by organized prisoners’ gangs and at mixed prison facilities in which female inmates had become victims of sexual violence. It urged that steps be taken to ensure that prison conditions are in keeping with the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners and to support the work of the Ombudsman’s Office in detention centres. While sharing similar concerns, the Human Rights Committee was worried about the high number of children living in prison with their families.
38. CAT urged Bolivia to prevent sexual abuse of children in schools, to investigate such abuses and bring perpetrators to trial; and to provide victims with protection, access to justice, redress and health care. It urged Bolivia to ensure that the persons suspected of having murdered a child, Patricia Flores, are brought to trial.
39. The Human Rights Committee was concerned that corporal punishment was not specifically prohibited and continued to be meted out as a form of punishment in the community-based justice system. Bolivia must put an end to corporal punishment in all areas and wage information campaigns, including in the native indigenous campesino courts.
40. The High Commissioner was concerned about the findings of a Ministry of Education study on violence, ill-treatment and abuse in school, which revealed that 88 per cent of the school population suffered some form of violence.
43. The Human Rights Committee indicated that Bolivia must ensure the application of the legislative and normative framework in the area of eradication of child labour and sexual exploitation of minors, and ensure that the offences are effectively investigated, prosecuted and penalized.
F. Right to health
73. The Human Rights Committee regretted the high rate of teenage pregnancies and recommended that the State implement national health plans and educational programmes, including education on sexual and reproductive health rights.
G. Right to education
73. UNESCO encouraged Bolivia to take additional measures to keep children in school and to ensure that, inter alia, girls, indigenous children, children belonging to minority groups and children with disabilities fully realize their right to education. UNESCO further encouraged Bolivia to ensure that primary education is free and compulsory.
74. The Special Rapporteur on racism recommended that Bolivia support access to education for indigenous peoples, Afro-Bolivians and other disadvantaged communities and groups.
I. Migrants, refugees and asylum seekers
83. CMW recommended that migrant workers and members of their families could only be expelled from Bolivia pursuant to a decision by a competent authority in conformity with the law and that it guarantee access for all migrant workers and members of their families to emergency medical treatment and social security benefits.
86. UNHCR noted that, in spite of the enactment of the refugee law, Bolivia has not yet adopted internal regulations to facilitate its effective implementation. UNHCR recommended that Bolivia incorporate child-sensitive elements into the procedures; assign female officers and interpreters to women and girl asylum-seekers; and ensure that the procedures promptly identify women and girls at risk and that the specific protection needs of women and children are addressed in a systematic manner.
87. UNHCR noted that, despite the fact that stateless status can be determined under the RSD procedure, no legal provision has been included in Migration Law No. 370 (2013) regulating the legal situation of a stateless population regarding their legal residence in the country, access to personal documentation and fundamental rights such as education, health care and employment. UNHCR recommended that Bolivia adopt and implement a statelessness determination procedure; and implement legislation that codifies the protections guaranteed in the 1954 Convention in national legislation.
88. UNHCR noted that the acquisition of Bolivian nationality at birth of children born abroad to Bolivian parents had been restricted. UNHCR recommended that Migration Law No. 370 (2013) be amended to bring it into line with international standards on the prevention and reduction of statelessness.
I. Information provided by the national human rights institution of the State under review accredited in full compliance with the Paris Principles
3. Discrimination against persons with disabilities still persisted in relation to physical accessibility, housing and inclusive education and employment. Greater prevention and protection efforts were needed, with a focus on gender and interculturalism.
4. Although legislation had been adopted to protect the rights of persons living with HIV, discrimination was a cause for concern. There was no comprehensive and differentiated approach for women and children, and the allocated budget was insufficient.
8. In connection with recommendations on the situation of persons deprived of their liberty, no plan focusing on human rights, gender and age issues had been established. Eighty-four per cent of persons deprived of their liberty were being held in pretrial detention, and the prison overcrowding rate stood at 233 per cent. In prisons with shared facilities, women lived in inferior conditions, and the situation was even worse for those with custody of their children.
10. There were no comprehensive public policies in place to protect children and young persons, nor were there any plans to eliminate the worst forms of child labour. Bolivia did not have a policy to protect children living in prison with their parents who were deprived of their liberty.
11. A comprehensive law, a public policy and State bodies were all in place to deal with human trafficking and smuggling, and progress had been made with respect to monitoring departures of children and young persons. It was recommended that the State strengthen the work of border control authorities, specialized police forces and prosecution authorities, establish temporary shelters for victims and encourage the allocation of funds, while exercising tighter control over private employment agencies. A policy to return victims and integrate them in the labour market was needed, and the review of the Code of Criminal Procedure should be expedited.
15. The urban open unemployment rate had fallen to 3.2 per cent, but the biggest problem continued to be a lack of job security. Most women worked in the informal sector; more than 30 per cent were heads of households, and many worked — together with their children — in the small-scale mining industry in unsafe and unhealthy working conditions. Public policies benefiting them were needed.
19. There were no laws or public policies on sexual and reproductive health rights, and teenage pregnancies, maternal deaths due to back-street abortions, and cervical and breast cancers still persisted.
20. Bolivia had adopted legislation on the right to education and on intercultural bilingual education and had launched projects to eradicate illiteracy, promote long-lasting inclusion and train teachers. The fact that inclusive education for persons with disabilities had not been fully implemented was a cause for concern. There were no comprehensive measures in place to prevent violence in the classroom. The Ombudsman’s Office had made efforts to remove that population group from prisons, and as a result 35 per cent of the children had been placed with extended families or in State-run shelters.
II. Information provided by other stakeholders
A. Background and framework
2. Constitutional and legislative framework
27. JS8 recommended amending the articles of the Civil Code and the Family Code that prohibited same-sex couples from starting a family and the legal provisions of the Code for Children and Adolescents that prohibited same-sex couples from adopting.
3. Institutional and human rights infrastructure and policy measures
30. JS12 recommended to improve the infrastructure of the Child and Adolescent Ombudsmen’s Offices and prosecutors’ offices.
31. Joint Submission 6 (JS6) said that a ministry for children and adolescents was needed.
C. Implementation of international human rights obligations, taking into account applicable international humanitarian law
2. Right to life, liberty and security of the person
44. AI, HRW, JS1 and JS12 referred to recommendations on prison conditions. AI recommended to improve conditions in accordance with international standards and to ensure the specific needs of children living with their parents in prison. JS12 recommended to implement the United Nations Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners and the Non-custodial Measures for Women Officers. HRW recommended to reduce prison overcrowding, provide adequate nutrition and medical health care to prisoners, and to limit their power to control prisons, which leads to violence by rival gangs.
45. ACISJF IN-VIA recommended improving conditions of detention for women and children. JS4 and JS6 said that a policy was needed that would provide alternatives for the children of persons deprived of their liberty.85 JS4 expressed concern about sexual assaults against children and young persons in male prisons.
46. AI and HRW noted that Bolivia supported recommendations to uphold the rights of women and girls. Legislation to prevent and punish violence against women has been passed and is being implemented. HRW noted however that women and girls remain at high risk and recommended to implement provisions included in the law, such as the construction of women’s shelters. JS12 recommended to conduct training and awareness- raising on gender violence for judicial and public sector officers and the public in general. Foundation Levántate Mujer reported that the law has not been fully enforced because the previous Law (1647) against domestic violence has not been repealed. There are legal loopholes and inconsistencies that prevent authorities from complying with the new law. JS1 said that no specialized courts had been established and that there was no single register that centralized information. JS1 recommended establishing the mechanisms envisaged to provide care, protection and redress to women victims and to punish the perpetrators.
47. Global Initiative to End All Corporal Punishment of Children (GIEACPC) reported that corporal punishment of children is lawful in the home, alternative care settings, day care and penal institutions, and its legality as a sentence in indigenous systems is unclear, despite recommendations by the CRC and accepted UPR recommendations. GIEACPC recommended that the draft Children and Adolescent Code, which includes prohibition of all corporal punishment of children including in the home, is adopted. JS4 emphasized the need for prevention policies that would bring about a change of attitude among the public. JS12 recommended, inter alia, to guarantee that relevant public and private institutions have internal procedures to report incidents.
49. With regard to recommendations on child labour,102 JS9 recommended drawing up a national strategic plan for the progressive elimination of child labour and continuing to implement the programme that provided schooling for working children.
50. JS12 recommended to protect the adolescents and children under 14 years of age, who are obliged to work, through the implementation of policies that consider their family reality and taking into account article 27 (3) of the CRC. Foundation Levántate Mujer recommended to roll out the “Triple Seal” campaign across the country and to work with media outlets to raise awareness. Joint Submission 9 (JS9) recommended promoting the “triple seal” policy in all public and private enterprises.
51. JS4 and JS12 recommended launching public policies to eliminate hazardous forms of child labour.
52. With regard to recommendations on street children, JS9 recommended conducting awareness-raising campaigns to move beyond the association of life on the street with criminality and drug abuse. It also recommended running programmes to provide street children with guidance and social and family support and to integrate them in society.
3. Administration of justice, including impunity and the rule of law
56. In connection with recommendations on young persons in conflict with the law, JS4 recommended applying the standards set out in the Convention on the Rights of the Child when dispensing justice and implementing a national policy to ensure proper reintegration and to prevent reoffending.
7. Right to health
79. JS12 referred to recommendations to improve access to healthcare services. JS12 recommended to extend free health insurance to all children, from five to eighteen years of age, and free access to health care for women in all stages of life.
84. AI noted that abortion is criminalized except when the life or health of the woman is at risk or when the pregnancy is the result of rape or incest. AI welcomed that in 2014, the Constitutional Court decided that the request for judicial authorization for abortion was unconstitutional. AI recommended to ensure that women and girls seeking or obtaining an abortion, as well as the medical practitioners providing it, are not subject to criminal sanctions and to eliminate all practical barriers to safe and legal abortion and ensure that sexual and reproductive health services are available.
8. Right to education
87. JS9, JS1, JS4, JS6 and JS12 referred to recommendations on education.JS9 recommended approving the regulations governing educational reform; promoting human rights education; continuing to register children in the civil registry, especially indigenous children and street children; developing a national policy to improve access to education; and promoting technical education programmes. JS6 said that a policy to improve the quality of education should be developed. JS12 recommended to increase the budget for education and human development and to give adequate and equitable educational infrastructure to peri-urban and rural areas. JS1 said that statistical data should be collected on education for persons with disabilities and on literacy.
88. JS12 recommended that Bolivia introduce gender issues in curriculum and teacher training.
89. JS8 recommended drafting legislation that guaranteed access to education for LGBT persons, including a law against bullying in school that covered bullying based on sexual orientation or gender identity.
99. On 25 November 2013, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights had found Bolivia guilty of violating the rights to seek and be granted asylum, the principle of non- refoulement, and the rights to a fair trial, to judicial protection, to psychological and mental integrity, and to protection of children and the family with respect to members of the Pacheco Tineo family.
Accepted and rejected recommendations
The following recommendations were accepted:
113. The recommendations formulated during the interactive dialogue/listed below have been examined by the Plurinational State of Bolivia and enjoy the support of the State party:
113.2 Consider ratifying the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Convention against Discrimination in Education (Ghana);
113.3 Ratify the UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education and ensure that primary education is free and compulsory for all (Portugal);
113.11 Protect the social status of the family as the basic unit of the social structure (Egypt);
113.15 Take effective measures to bring conditions of detention in line with international standards by reducing overcrowding, improving the situation of juveniles and women in prison and promoting non-custodial measures (Austria);
113.16 Introduce an effective plan focusing on the human rights of persons deprived of their liberty, especially children living in prison with their parents, who were deprived of liberty (Poland);
113.17 Take steps to improve prison conditions by reducing overcrowding in line with the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners; implement alternatives to detention; ensure access to a timely trial for those on remand; and address the issue of children living with parents in prison (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland);
113.18 Bring conditions of detention into conformity with the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners and develop protection measures for women deprived of their liberty, in line with the Bangkok Rules, as well for children living in prison with a parent (Switzerland);
113.19 Continue to seek measures to avoid children staying with their imprisoned parents who are serving prison sentences, so as not to expose them to conditions that may affect their development (Uruguay);
113.29 Closely follow guidelines in the relevant General Assembly resolutions in its endeavours to prevent and combat violence against women and children (Thailand);
113.32 Improve the allocation of human and financial resources to the Ombudsman Offices for Children and Adolescents and Prosecutors Offices to effectively combat and address violence against children and adolescents (Chile);
113.34 Pursue efforts to implement the Plurinational Plan for Infants, Children and Adolescents 2014–2025 (Algeria);
113.35 Introduce effective and comprehensive measures to prevent violence against children and to eliminate the worst forms of child labour (Poland);
113.36 Protect children and adolescents who are working and are obliged to work, through implementation of real and effective policies that consider their family situation, taking into account the Convention on the Rights of the Child (Sweden);
113.37 Finalize the five-year national plan for the prevention and gradual eradication of the worst forms of child labour and the protection of adolescent workers, and take appropriate measures to implement it (Syrian Arab Republic);
113.38 Take additional measures to prevent abuse of children, particularly in schools, to investigate such abuses and bring perpetrators to trial (Montenegro);
113.39 Take all necessary measures to bring its legislation on child labour in line with international obligations and continue implementing the programmes that provide education facilities for working children (Netherlands);
113.40 Address the issue of violence in schools as matter of priority and take the appropriate measures to put an end to all forms of ill-treatment and abuses, including sexual violence, perpetrated in schools, including the necessary measures to protect the victims and to ensure that those responsible are brought to justice (Portugal);
113.41 Develop and implement programmes to eradicate the worst forms of child labour, such as mining of rivers and brick factories (Sweden);
113.42 Make every effort to eradicate hazardous forms of child labour and sexual exploitation of minors and ensure that the offences are effectively investigated and prosecuted (Republic of Korea);
113.43 Take all available measures to prevent all forms of violence against children and to bring cases of abuse to justice (Sweden);
113.44 Ensure that the recently adopted legislation on the minimum legal age to work is properly applied (Italy);
113.45 Strengthen access to the rights to education of infants, without discrimination, including the improvement of educational infrastructure, with a particular emphasis on the infant population in rural areas, and children and adolescents living on the streets. Implement human rights education and training programmes aimed at combating discrimination based on ethnicity (Colombia);
114. The following enjoy the support of the Plurinational State of Bolivia which considers that they are already implemented or in the process of implementation.
114.21 Implement the Strategic National Plan on Sexual and Reproductive Health 2009–2015, including allocating adequate budgetary resources for its full and effective implementation. The Plurinational State of Bolivia should ensure efficient access to information for women and girls about their rights. (Finland);
114.22 Increase its efforts to implement the national literacy programs in peri-urban and rural areas (Equatorial Guinea);
114.23 Continue its efforts in implementing the Plan on Human Rights Education as part of the State ’s human rights education system (Indonesia);
114.24 Continue its efforts to provide greater access to education and employment (Pakistan);
114.25 Continue to pay attention to ensuring the exercise of the right to education for all (Belarus);
114.26 Continue strengthening its inclusive and accurate education policy (Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of));
114.27 Promote human rights through education and training (Senegal);
114.28 Further progress in the implementation of the National Literacy Programs “Yes I can” and “Yes I can continue” (Nicaragua);
114.37 Take further measures to combat racism and all forms of discrimination, especially with respect to women, children, indigenous people and Afro-Bolivians (Trinidad and Tobago);
114.68 Reinforce existing legislation to ensure a fair judicial treatment, especially for the most vulnerable categories, such as women and children (Italy);
114.79 Strengthen and increase current efforts, including through international cooperation, aimed at protecting the rights of children and women, with a particular emphasis on combating violence against women and social exclusion, in line with international instruments that the Plurinational State of Bolivia is party to (Brazil);
114.80 Continue to pay attention to women- and children-related issues (India);
114.97 Implement comprehensive measures to eliminate violence against women and sexual abuse of children (Sierra Leone);
114.100 Undertake awareness-raising campaigns to sensitize law enforcement officials and the judiciary on violence against women and girls, within the framework of the new Law 348, the Comprehensive Act on guaranteeing a life free of violence for women (Belgium);
114.102 Strengthen measures to prevent violence against women, in particular by raising awareness of the fact that discrimination and violence against women is unacceptable, and implement legislation on violence against women and girls. Make more efforts to create a unified register on violence against women (Croatia);
114.109 Establish without further delay shelters to protect women and girls from violence and effectively implement the legislation already adopted (Austria);
114.114 More effectively address the issue of overcrowding in prisons and children living in prison with their families (Sierra Leone);
114.115 Review the new legislation on child labour and consider developing a national plan to reduce child labour (Slovenia);
114.116 Following up on a 2010 recommendation, fully implement the National Plan for the Prevention and Gradual Eradication of the Worst Forms of Child Labour and the Protection of Adolescent Workers (Germany);
114.117 Pursue efforts to address child labour in line with its international obligations (Slovakia);
114.118 Further strengthen measures to protect children from all forms of violence (Sri Lanka);
114.119 Put in place measures that are in line with the international standards, especially the ILO Conventions No. 138 (1973) concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment and No. 182 (1999) concerning the Worst Forms of Child Labour (Thailand);
114.120 Safeguard the rights of children and adolescents and enhance the protection accorded to them against all forms of violence, including by, inter alia, the conclusion of the Five Year Plan for the Prevention and Gradual Eradication of the Worst Forms of Child Labour and the Protection of Adolescent Workers (Egypt);
114.121 Ensure that the Code for Children and Adolescents and other relevant domestic legislation and practice are in full compliance with the requirements of ILO Convention No. 138 (United States of America);
114.122 Put in place legislation that protects children from labour exploitation through a minimum working age, consistent with its international legal obligations (Australia);
114.123 Implement effective policies to tackle cases of physical, psychological and sexual abuse against children (Italy);
114.124 Continue its efforts to adopt more measures to keep children in school, and ensure that girls, indigenous children, and children with disabilities are able to exercise fully their right to education (State of Palestine);
114.129 Intensify its efforts to access to education for indigenous peoples and other disadvantaged communities and groups (Iran (Islamic Republic of));
114.130 Ensure equal access to education for indigenous peoples, Afro-Bolivians and other disadvantaged communities and groups (Ghana);
The following recommendations were rejected:
115. The recommendations below did not enjoy the support of the Plurinational State of Bolivia and would thus be noted:
115.1 Provide a legislative framework for the eradication of child labour in accordance with its human rights obligations (Germany);
115.5 Develop a strategic plan to prevent the high rate of school dropout and eradicate child labour (Mexico);
115.6 Adopt ILO Convention No. 138 (1973) concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment so that no child under 14 years of age is engaged in an apprenticeship, and ensure that Children and Adolescents’ Defence Committees have adequate resources to fulfil their tasks (Norway);
115.7 Continue taking necessary measures to fully eradicate child labour, without exception, in conformity with ILO Convention No. 138, ratified by the Plurinational State of Bolivia (Belgium);
115.8 Amend Law 548 on child labour to meet the State’s international human rights obligations on the minimum working age for children, to prohibit child labour in hazardous conditions, protect children from economic exploitation, protect children from any work that is likely to interfere with their education, and progressively raise the minimum age of employment (Canada);
115.9 Protect and fulfil children’s rights, eradicating child labour and the sexual exploitation of minors (Israel);
115.10 Develop a National Strategic Plan for the Progressive Elimination of Child Labour, with short- and medium-term goals as well as follow-up and evaluation mechanisms, both quantitative and qualitative, and endowed with financial resources for its implementation at the national, departmental and municipal level (Spain);
113.16 Introduce an effective plan focusing on the human rights of persons deprived of their liberty, especially children living in prison with their parents, who were deprived of liberty (Poland);
113.17 Take steps to improve prison conditions by reducing overcrowding in line with the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners; implement alternatives to detention; ensure access to a timely trial for those on remand; and address the issue of children living with parents in prison (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland);
113.18 Bring conditions of detention into conformity with the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners and develop protection measures for women deprived of their liberty, in line with the Bangkok Rules, as well for children living in prison with a parent (Switzerland);
113.19 Continue to seek measures to avoid children staying with their imprisoned parents who are serving prison sentences, so as not to expose them to conditions that may affect their development (Uruguay);
113.29 Closely follow guidelines in the relevant General Assembly resolutions in its endeavours to prevent and combat violence against women and children (Thailand);
113.31 Revise penal laws regarding the criminalization of women and girls in cases of abortion as well as of the doctors who practise it (Uruguay);
113.32 Improve the allocation of human and financial resources to the Ombudsman Offices for Children and Adolescents and Prosecutors Offices to effectively combat and address violence against children and adolescents (Chile);
113.33 Continue with major coordinated efforts of the State, civil society and other relevant actors to fulfil the Plurinational Plan for Children, Childhood and Adolescence, implementation expected from 2014 to 2025, while considering the importance deserved by the empowerment of beneficiaries, and the sensitization of society for a proper inclusion (Ecuador);
113.34 Pursue efforts to implement the Plurinational Plan for Infants, Children and Adolescents 2014–2025 (Algeria);
113.35 Introduce effective and comprehensive measures to prevent violence against children and to eliminate the worst forms of child labour (Poland);
113.36 Protect children and adolescents who are working and are obliged to work, through implementation of real and effective policies that consider their family situation, taking into account the Convention on the Rights of the Child (Sweden);
113.37 Finalize the five-year national plan for the prevention and gradual eradication of the worst forms of child labour and the protection of adolescent workers, and take appropriate measures to implement it (Syrian Arab Republic);
113.38 Take additional measures to prevent abuse of children, particularly in schools, to investigate such abuses and bring perpetrators to trial (Montenegro);
113.39 Take all necessary measures to bring its legislation on child labour in line with international obligations and continue implementing the programmes that provide education facilities for working children (Netherlands);
113.40 Address the issue of violence in schools as matter of priority and take the appropriate measures to put an end to all forms of ill-treatment and abuses, including sexual violence, perpetrated in schools, including the necessary measures to protect the victims and to ensure that those responsible are brought to justice (Portugal);
113.41 Develop and implement programmes to eradicate the worst forms of child labour, such as mining of rivers and brick factories (Sweden);
113.43 Take all available measures to prevent all forms of violence against children and to bring cases of abuse to justice (Sweden);
113.45 Strengthen access to the rights to education of infants, without discrimination, including the improvement of educational infrastructure, with a particular emphasis on the infant population in rural areas, and children and adolescents living on the streets. Implement human rights education and training programmes aimed at combating discrimination based on ethnicity (Colombia);
114.68 Reinforce existing legislation to ensure a fair judicial treatment, especially for the most vulnerable categories, such as women and children (Italy);
114.79 Strengthen and increase current efforts, including through international cooperation, aimed at protecting the rights of children and women, with a particular emphasis on combating violence against women and social exclusion, in line with international instruments that the Plurinational State of Bolivia is party to (Brazil);
114.80 Continue to pay attention to women- and children-related issues (India);
114.97 Implement comprehensive measures to eliminate violence against women and sexual abuse of children (Sierra Leone);
114.114 More effectively address the issue of overcrowding in prisons and children living in prison with their families (Sierra Leone);
114.115 Review the new legislation on child labour and consider developing a national plan to reduce child labour (Slovenia);
114.116 Following up on a 2010 recommendation, fully implement the National Plan for the Prevention and Gradual Eradication of the Worst Forms of Child Labour and the Protection of Adolescent Workers (Germany);
114.117 Pursue efforts to address child labour in line with its international obligations (Slovakia);
114.118 Further strengthen measures to protect children from all forms of violence (Sri Lanka);
114.119 Put in place measures that are in line with the international standards, especially the ILO Conventions No. 138 (1973) concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment and No. 182 (1999) concerning the Worst Forms of Child Labour (Thailand);
114.120 Safeguard the rights of children and adolescents and enhance the protection accorded to them against all forms of violence, including by, inter alia, the conclusion of the Five Year Plan for the Prevention and Gradual Eradication of the Worst Forms of Child Labour and the Protection of Adolescent Workers (Egypt);
114.121 Ensure that the Code for Children and Adolescents and other relevant domestic legislation and practice are in full compliance with the requirements of ILO Convention No. 138 (United States of America);
114.122 Put in place legislation that protects children from labour exploitation through a minimum working age, consistent with its international legal obligations (Australia);
114.123 Implement effective policies to tackle cases of physical, psychological and sexual abuse against children (Italy);
114.124 Continue its efforts to adopt more measures to keep children in school, and ensure that girls, indigenous children, and children with disabilities are able to exercise fully their right to education (State of Palestine);